Turkmenistan is a country located in Central Asia. The capital city is Ashgabat. The official language is Turkmen. The currency is Turkmenistan manat. The population is 5,210,264 (2019 est.). The land area is 488,100 km2. Turkmenistan is bordered by the Caspian Sea to the west, Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Iran to the south. The climate is continental, with hot summers and cold winters. The economy of Turkmenistan is largely based on the production and export of hydrocarbons. The country has the fourth-largest reserves of natural gas in the world. it also has significant deposits of oil, coal, and salt.